#Amniotic fluid test strips chemical serial

In vitro studies have shown that amniotic fluid has intestinal epithelial cell trophic effects equivalent to breast milk and prior research has demonstrated the benefit of simulated amniotic fluid in reducing feeding intolerance in preterm human infants 10.ĭespite its importance, the biology of amniotic fluid has been understudied. Amniotic fluid is swallowed by the fetus as early as 16 weeks of human gestation and plays a vital role in the development and maturation of the fetal gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and immune system 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9. It is a complex biological medium that surrounds the fetus, offers mechanical protection, provides nutrition, is critical for normal fetal growth and organogenesis, and can potentially influence fetal programming 3, 4, 5, 6. A critical entity that influences fetal development in utero is amniotic fluid 1, 2. The in utero environment plays a significant role in fetal development and is vulnerable to adverse maternal environmental factors including chronic stress, environmental exposure, substance use, infection, and metabolic disease. The non-human primate model holds promise as a translational platform for amniotic fluid studies. This is the first study to compare human and rhesus amniotic fluid proteomic profiles across gestation and establishes a reference amniotic fluid proteome. Utilizing LC–MS/MS isobaric labeling quantitative proteomics, we demonstrate considerable cross-species similarity between the amniotic fluid proteomes and large scale gestational-age associated changes in protein content throughout pregnancy. Longitudinally-collected rhesus amniotic fluid samples were paired with gestational-age matched cross-sectional human samples.

#Amniotic fluid test strips chemical serial

We therefore performed serial amniocenteses at early, mid, and late gestational time-points within the same pregnancies in a rhesus macaque model. Prior research consisting of cross-sectional studies suggests that the amniotic fluid proteome changes as pregnancy advances, yet longitudinal alterations have not been confirmed because repeated sampling is prohibitive in humans. Yet, the molecular mechanism(s) of action by which amniotic fluid regulates fetal development is ill-defined partly due to an incomplete understanding of the evolving composition of the amniotic fluid proteome.

Amniotic fluid is also critically involved in longitudinally shaping the in utero milieu during pregnancy. Amniotic fluid is a complex biological medium that offers protection to the fetus and plays a key role in normal fetal nutrition, organogenesis, and potentially fetal programming.